Attitudes towards and trust in artificial intelligence, algorithms and automation vary significantly across different cultures and industries and by the type, purpose and impact of the technology.
Here is a selection of recent primary and secondary research studies on perceptions of and trust in AI, algorithms and automation amongst the general public, consumers, patients, politicians, business and other stakeholders.
In addition, YouGov provides regular AI attitudinal tracking and polling in the UK.
2021
- IE Centre for the Governance of Change: European Tech Insights 2021
- Edelman: Trust Barometer 2021 – Tech sector
- International Journal of Social Robotics: Investigating Trust in Interaction with Inconsistent Embodied Virtual Agents
- Pega: Future-proof 2025
- Pew Research: Experts Doubt Ethical AI Design Will Be Broadly Adopted as the Norm Within the Next Decade
- UNICEF: Adolescent Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence
- University of Queensland/KPMG: Trust in Artificial Intelligence: A Five Country Study (pdf)
2020
- BEUC: AI: What Consumers Say (pdf)
- BIT/CDEI: The Perception of Fairness of Algorithms and Proxy Information in Financial Services
- CDEI/Deltapoll: Review into Bias in Algorithmic Decision-Making – Polling
- IEEE: Generation AI 2020: Health, Wellness, and Technology in a Post-COVID World
- Office of PSA, GOI / IITMAA: Driving the New Normal
- Oxford Commission on AI & Good Governance: Global Attitudes Towards AI, Machine Learning & Automated Decision Making
- Pew Research: Global Science Report
- SIENNA/Kantar: Public Views on Artificial Intelligence and Robots
- University of Amsterdam: In AI we Trust?
2019
- Ada Lovelace Institute: UK Public Attitudes towards Facial Recognition
- Cap Gemini: Why addressing ethical questions in AI will benefit organisations
- Deltapoll: AI and UK Public Standards
- Edelman: AI Survey (pdf)
- Ipsos MORI: AI, Automation & Corporate Reputation
- Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence: Scary Robots – Examining Public Attitudes to AI (pdf)
- OMD: AI Perceptions and Adoption
- Oxford Centre for the Governance of AI: AI – American Attitudes & Trends
- Pega: AI and Empathy Study
2018
- Bristows/Censuswide: AI – Public Perception, Attitude and Trust (pdf)
- EIU/Microsoft: Intelligent Economies
- Pew Research: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humans
- The Royal Society: Portrayals and Perceptions of AI and Why They Matter (pdf)
2017
- ARM/Northstar: AI Today, AI Tomorrow (pdf)
- HubSpot/SSI: Artificial Intelligence is Here: People Just Don’t Realize It (pdf)
- Microsoft/Stanford: Long-Term Trends in the Public Perception of Artificial Intelligence (pdf)
- Pega: What Consumers Really Think about AI (pdf)
- Royal Society/Ipsos MORI: Public views of Machine Learning (pdf)
2016
- PwC: Why AI and robotics will define New Health (pdf)
- Weber Shandwick: AI-Ready or Not (pdf)